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About .Net

.NET is a made available free. It supports cross-platform applications, and accessible at open source development platform for structuring many diverse types of applications. .NET supports multiple languages, editors, and libraries for developing web, mobile, desktop, gaming, and IoT applications. The languages that are used in writing .NET apps are C, C++, F+, or Visual Basic. Wherein, C++ is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and offer safe programming features. F+ is an open-source, cross-platform, and supports functional programming for .NET. The respective language also involves object-oriented and imperative programming. Visual Basic is an approachable language with a simple syntax for building type-safe, object-oriented apps.

.Net Interview Questions And Answers

1. What is .NET?

.NET is a framework for software development. It is just like other software development framework like (J2EE). It provides runtime capabilities and a rich set of pre-built functionality in the form of class library and API's. This .NET framework is an environment to build, deploy and run web services and other applications.

The .NET framework contains three main parts:

  • Common Language Runtime
  • Framework classes
  • ASP.NET

2. How many languages are supported by .NET at present time?

When .NET was introduced first time, it supports many languages like VB.NET,C#,COBOL, and Perl etc. At present time it supports almost 44 languages.

3. What is the difference between trace and debug?

Debug class is used to debug builds while Trace is used for both debug and release builds.

4. What are differences between system.stringbuilder and system.string?

The main differences between system.stringbuilder and system.string are:

  • system.stringbuilder is a mutable while system.string is immutable.
  • Append keyword is used in system.stringbuilder but not in system.string.

5. What is the difference between int and int32?

There is no difference between int and int32. System. Int is an alias name for System.Int32 which is a .Net Class.

6. What is the difference between namespace and assembly?

An assembly is a physical grouping of logical units while namespace groups classes. A namespace can span multiple assemblies.

7. Explain the differences between value type and reference type.

Following are the main differences between value type and reference type:

  • Value type contain variable while reference type doesn't contain value directly in its memory.
  • In reference type, memory is allocated in managed heap and in value type memory allocated in stack.
  • Reference type ex-class value type-struct, enumeration

8. What is the difference between session object and application object?

The session object is used to maintain the session of each user.

For example: If a user enters into the application then he will get a session id. If he leaves from the application then the session id is deleted. If he again enters into the application, he will get a different session id.

But in the case of application object the id is maintained for whole application.

9. What is a CLR?

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a core component of .NET framework. It is Microsoft’s implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which defines an execution environment for program code. In the CLR, code is expressed in a form of bytecode called the Common Intermediate Language (CIL) . Developers using the CLR write code in a language such as C# or VB.NET. At compile time, the .NET compiler converts such code into CIL code. At runtime, the CLR’s just-in-time compiler converts the CIL code into code native to the operating system. Alternatively, the CIL code can be compiled to native code in a separate step prior to runtime by using the Native Image Generator (NGEN) . This speeds up all later runs of the software as the CIL-to-native compilation is no longer necessary.

During the execution of the program, the Common Language Runtime (CLR) manages memory, Thread execution, Garbage Collection (GC) , Exception Handling, Common Type System (CTS) , code safety verifications, and other system services. The Common Language Runtime (CLR) environment is also referred to as a managed environment, because during the execution of a program it also controls the interaction with the Operating System.

10. What is CTS?

CTS stands for Common Type System. The CTS makes available a common set of data types so that compiled code of one language could easily interoperate with compiled code of another language by understanding each others’ data types. If two languages (c# or vb.net or j# or vc++) want to communicate with each other, they have to convert into some common type (i.e. in COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME) . In C# we use int which is converted to Int32 of CLR to communicate with vb.net which uses Integer or vice versa.

11. What is a CLS (Common Language Specification)?

CLS is a specification that defines the rules to support language integration. This is done in such a way, that programs written in any language (.NET compliant) can communicate with one another. This also can take full advantage of inheritance, polymorphism, exceptions, and other features. This is a subset of the CTS, which all .NET languages are expected to support.

12. What are the various objects in Dataset?

The DataSet class exists in the System.Data namespace.

The Classes contained in the DataSet class are:

  1. DataTable
  2. DataColumn
  3. DataRow
  4. Constraint
  5. DataRelation

13. What's A Delegate?

A delegate object encapsulates a reference to a method. In C++ they were referred to as function pointers.

14. What's A Multicast Delegate?

It’s a delegate that points to and eventually fires off several methods.

15. What's A Satellite Assembly?

When you write a multilingual or multi-cultural application in .NET, and want to distribute the core application separately from the localized modules, the localized assemblies that modify the core application are called satellite assemblies.

16. Where Is The Output Of Textwritertracelistener Redirected?

To the Console or a text file depending on the parameter passed to the constructor.

17. What is business logic?

It is the functionality which handles the exchange of information between database and a user interface.

18. What is a component?

Component is a group of logically related classes and methods. A component is a class that implements the IComponent interface or uses a class that implements IComponent interface.

19. What is a flat file?

A flat file is the name given to text, which can be read or written only sequentially.

20. What is the global assembly cache (GAC)?

GAC is a machine-wide cache of assemblies that allows .NET applications to share libraries. GAC solves some of the problems associated with dll’s (DLL Hell).

21. What is a stack? What is a heap? Give the differences between the two?

Stack is a place in the memory where value types are stored. Heap is a place in the memory where the reference types are stored.

22. What are mock-ups?

Mock-ups are a set of designs in the form of screens, diagrams, snapshots etc., that helps verify the design and acquire feedback about the application’s requirements and use cases, at an early stage of the design process.

23. What is a Form?

A form is a representation of any window displayed in your application. Form can be used to create standard, borderless, floating, modal windows.

24. What is a multiple-document interface(MDI)?

A user interface container that enables a user to work with more than one document at a time. E.g. Microsoft Excel.

25. What is a single-document interface (SDI) ?

A user interface that is created to manage graphical user interfaces and controls into single windows. E.g. Microsoft Word

26. What is a third-party control ?

A third-party control is one that is not created by the owners of a project. They are usually used to save time and resources and reuse the functionality developed by others (third-party).

27. What is a binary formatter?

Binary formatter is used to serialize and deserialize an object in binary format.

28. What are cookies?

A cookie is a small amount of data created by server on the client. When a web server creates a cookie, an additional HTTP header is sent to the browser when a page is served to the browser.

29. What is an IL?

IL stands for Intermediate Language. It is also known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) or CIL (Common Intermediate Language).

All .NET source codes are first compiled to IL. Then, IL is converted to machine code at the point where the software is installed, or at run-time by a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.

30. What are the basic requirements for connection pooling?

The following two requirements must be fulfilled for connection pooling:

  • There must be multiple processes to share the same connection describing the same parameters and security settings.
  • The connection string must be identical.

Career scopes and salary scale

Every business field in present scenario is witnessing the job crisis. However, when it is about .Net area, the job seekers in the respective technology are stepping ahead in their career. Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), .Net, and other programming sectors are completely dependent on .Net framework. Today, technology expansion depents upon the .Net Framework presentation. Besides, .Net has occupied the topmost place in the arena of AI, ML, IoT, etc. A newly joined .Net candidate in an organization can expect a minimum salary of 38,000 dollars per annum. However, the salary of an experienced .Net expert always gets the double of it. The salaries are very reliant upon the location, business, and the company’s requirements.

Conclusion

This piece of writing ‘.Net interview questions’ has efficiently answered every advanced .Net interview questions. Also, the draw near in .Net interview questions for experienced is being projected by our trainers and team of specialists. They have put their top of the acquaintance to assist professionals in getting answers to all doubts and not clear perceptions. Even then, if learners still require more detailing about .Net, they may drop in a message to our experts related to .Net interview questions for experienced professionals. Our trainers would be happy to help and resolve all your .Net-programming issues of the students. Join .Net Training in Noida.Net Training in Delhi.Net Training in Gurgaon



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