Networking means connecting computers, mobile phones, peripherals, IoT devices, switches, routers, and wireless access points for transmitting text data and voice data from source to the destination. Devices connected in a wired or wirelessly to communicate with one another or with other networks over internet or intranet is called networking. Devices that originate, route, and terminate the data are called nodes. Nodes have their defined network addresses encrypted with coding and various communication protocols. This fearsome collection of information technology necessitates skilled network management to keep it all running reliably.
A network is a set of devices connected to each other using a physical transmission medium.
Example: A Computer Network is a group of computers connected with each other to communicate and share information and resources like hardware, data, and software across each other.
In a network, nodes are used to connect two or more networks.
Two or more computers are connected directly by an optical fiber or any other cable. A node is a point where a connection established. It is a network component that is used to send, receive and forward the electronic information.
Network Topology is a physical layout of the computer network and it defines how the computers, devices, cables etc are connected to each other.
The router is a network device that connects two or more network segments. The router is used to transfer information from the source to the destination.
Routers send the information in terms of data packets and when these data packets are forwarded from one router to another router then the router reads the network address in the packets and identifies the destination network.
Open System Interconnection, the name itself suggests that it is a reference model that defines how applications can communicate with each other over a networking system.
It also helps to understand the relationship between networks and defines the process of communication in a network.
HTTP is HyperText Transfer Protocol and it is responsible for web content. Many web pages are using HTTP to transmit the web content and allow the display and navigation of HyperText.
It is the primary protocol and port used here is TCP port 80.
HTTPS is a Secure HTTP. HTTPS is used for secure communication over a computer network. HTTPS provides authentication of websites that prevents unwanted attacks.
In bi-directional communication, HTTPS protocol encrypts the communication so that the tampering of the data gets avoided. With the help of an SSL certificate, it verifies if the requested server connection is a valid connection or not. HTTPS uses TCP with port 443.
The different layers of the OSI model are given below:
Physical Layer: Converts data bit into an electrical impulse.
Datalink Layer: Data packet will be encoded and decoded into bits.
Network Layer: Transfer of datagrams from one to another.
Transport Layer: Responsible for Data transfer from one to another.
Session Layer: Manage and control signals between computers.
Presentation Layer: Transform data into application layer format.
Application Layer: An end user will interact with the Application layer.
TCP/IP stands for Transmission control protocol and Internet protocol. It describes how the data will get transmitted and routed from end to end communication.
Application Layer, Transport Layer, Network or Internet Layer, Network interface layer.
Firewall is a concept of a security system that will helps computers to protect it with unauthorized access or any cyber-attack.
DNS Stands for Domain Name System. It’s an internet address mapping process with the local name. We can also call it as an internet phonebook.
Proxy server prevents the external users which are unauthorized to access the network.
The Classes of IPV4 are of 5 types:
Class A: 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
Class B: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
Class C: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
Class D: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
Class E: 240.0.0.0 to 247.255.255.255
LAN is short for Local Area Network. It refers to the connection between computers and other network devices that are located within a small physical location.
It refers to a direct connection between two computers on a network. A point to point connection does not need any other network devices other than connecting a cable to the NIC cards of both computers.
Anonymous FTP is a way of granting user access to files in public servers. Users that are allowed access to data in these servers do not need to identify themselves, but instead log in as an anonymous guest.
A subnet mask is combined with an IP address in order to identify two parts: the extended network address and the host address. Like an IP address, a subnet mask is made up of 32 bits.
Data encapsulation is the process of breaking down information into smaller manageable chunks before it is transmitted across the network. It is also in this process that the source and destination addresses are attached into the headers, along with parity checks.
Network Topology refers to the layout of a computer network. It shows how devices and cables are physically laid out, as well as how they connect to one another.
VPN means Virtual Private Network, a technology that allows a secure tunnel to be created across a network such as the Internet. For example, VPNs allow you to establish a secure dial-up connection to a remote server.
The "netstat" is a command line utility program. It gives useful information about the current TCP/IP setting of a connection.
The "ping" is a utility program that allows you to check the connectivity between the network devices. You can ping devices using its IP address or name.
Sneakernet is the earliest form of networking where the data is physically transported using removable media.
The processes on each machine that communicate at a given layer are called peer-peer process.
A switch receives packets faster than the shared link. It can accommodate and stores in its memory, for an extended period of time, then the switch will eventually run out of buffer space, and some packets will have to be dropped. This state is called a congested state.
RSA is short for Rivest-Shamir-Adleman algorithm. It is mostly used for public key encryption.
In Stop and wait protocol, a sender after sending a frame waits for an acknowledgment of the frame and sends the next frame only when acknowledgment of the frame has received.
Piggybacking is used in bi-directional data transmission in the network layer (OSI model). The idea is to improve efficiency piggyback acknowledgment (of the received data) on the data frame (to be sent) instead of sending a separate frame.
In Wi-Fi networks, Access Points generally work as a DHCP server.
These are fully-loaded machines which includes multiprocessors, high-speed disk arrays for interview I/O and fault tolerant features.
There is no commonly accepted definition for a TP monitor. According to Jeri Edwards' a TP Monitor is "an OS for transaction processing"
There is a many-to-one relationship between clients and server. Clients always initiate the dialog by requesting a service. Servers are passively awaiting for requests from clients.
It is estimated that the size of networking market expanding in USA, Europe and Australia. Manufacturing, hospitality, banks, retail, real estate, and of course, software development sectors are expanding along with technology. The need of network specialists is found to be at higher side. Today, technology expansion is dependent upon the Networking presentation. Besides, Networking has occupied the topmost place across the industries. A newly joined Networking candidate in an organization can expect a minimum salary of 28, 000 dollars per annum, which gets to double once you have acquired a lot of experience. The salaries are very reliant upon the location, business, and the company’s requirements.
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